Properties | More Info | Isotopes | Spectra
Compounds | Reactions | Production
Atomic: M.A.C. | Reference
Diagrams: Shell | Atomic Radius | Electron || Images
Sodium
Electrons per shell 2,8,1
Electron Configuration [Ne] 3s1 open electron config
Ground state 2S1/2
Atomic Volume 23.7 cm3 mol-1
Electronegativity 0.93
Magnetic ordering Paramagnetic
Mass magnetic susceptibility 6.4 x 10-9
Molar magnetic susceptibility 1.47 x 10-10
Speed of sound 3200 m s-1
Thermal Properties
Enthalpy of Atomization 108.4 kJ mol-1 @25°C
Enthalpy of Fusion 2.64 kJ mol-1
Enthalpy of Vaporisation 99.2 kJ mol-1
Heat Capacity 28.230 J mol-1 K-1
Thermal Conductivity 142 W m-1 K-1
Thermal Expansion 71 μm m-1 K-1
Hardness
Brinell hardness 0.69 MPa
Mohs hardness 0.5
Elastic Properties
Bulk modulus 6.3 GPa
Shear modulus 3.3 GPa
Young's modulus 10 GPa
Electrical Properties
Electrical resistivity 4.7 x 10-8 Ω m
Electrical conductivity 0.21 106/cm Ω
Chemical Properties
Electrochemical Equivalent 0.85775 g Ah-1
Electron Work Function 2.75 eV
Valence Electron Potential (-eV) 14.1
Ionization Potential  
First 5.139
Second 47.286
Third 71.641
Energy Levels
Kα1 (intensity 100) 1.04098 KeV
Kα2 (intensity 0) 1.04098 KeV
Kβ1 (intensity 1) 1.0711 KeV
Atomic Radii
Empirical 180 pm
Bohr Radius 190 pm
Covalent Radius 154 pm
Van der Waals 227 pm
Triple covalent No data.
Metallic 186 pm
Oxidation States
Main Na+1
Other Na-1 (in liquid NH3)
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) show graph
M - M+ 495.8
M+ - M2+ 4562.4
M2+ - M3+ 6912
M3+ - M4+ 9543
M4+ - M5+ 13353
M5+ - M6+ 16610
M6+ - M7+ 20114
M7+ - M8+ 25490
M8+ - M9+ 28933
M9+ - M10+ 141360
Vapour Pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K
T (K) 554 617 697 802 946 1153
Crystal Structure
Structure Body centred cubic
a = 429.06 pm
b = 429.06 pm
c = 429.06 pm
α = 90°
β = 90°
γ = 90°